代写分享:说起 Introduction还是有些留学生不知所措,不懂得如何写作,想要写的既简单又能迅速形成教师的兴趣爱好(eye-catching)似乎有些困难。作为对全文内容和结构的归纳,引言可以遵循一定的公式计算,换言之,前言可以分为6级内容,本文中我们就来给大伙介绍一下如何按照这六个层次公式来计算 introduction一部分。
六个层级“公式计算”即:情况;现状分析矛盾;目地;缘故;实际意义;outline。实际创作层级以下:
第一层级
讲述这种 Topic选择的情形和必要性创作的关键目地是,引出 topic过去的科学研究参考文献,以及该课题过去的科学研究见解,因此在创作上虽然会比较宏观经济,但一定要密切联系 topic,用一两句话带过。
举例子:
“One of the most common dilemmas facing many students in the United Kingdom in recent years has been the question of whether or not to take a part-time job.Rising tuition fees and living expenses make life very difficult for students who do not benefit from the financial support of their parents or other sponsors.In order to survive,thousands of students take out several loans and incur serious debt in the course of their years at university.However,others attempt to ease the financial burden of full-time study by finding a part-time job.”
第二层级
详述了现阶段本课题研究的现状和存在的矛盾,这里既要对前人的科学研究作一个简要的说明,又要小结这一所参考文献的 gap,即这一阶段的科学研究是否存在任何异议。这个层次的递进一般是先简要回顾学术研究的相关参考文献,用“根据 XX等的科学研究,或根据哪个调查机构作报告”之类的句子,简述先人的科研成果,然后是对过去科学研究的 benefit和 gap进行简述,然后是对过去科学研究中所涉及问题的一个关键环节进行简述,然后是对过去科学研究中所涉及问题的一个关键环节。
第三层级
由于对本课题研究有明确的认识,「原因」是由于先前的参考资料中并没有关于这些方面的科学研究,所以需要在哪一个层次上进行科学研究;或做这项科学研究会产生什么样的 benefit。
举例说明:
“While measuring these effects may be challenging,establishing the attitudes of students and academic staff towards part-time jobs for students could provide a valuable insight into how they feel employment affects academic achievement.”
第四层级
列举本次科学研究的目地
“科学研究目地”是为了更好地注重你是为了什么而科学研究。话不多说再次举例说明:
This study aims to investigate the feelings of students and academic staff in relation to students doing part-time work.It also aims to analyse the findings of the research in order to establish the advantages and disadvantages that such work may have for students.
第五层级
表述此次科学研究的实际意义或使用价值
在这里一部分一般要得出意见与建议
再次举例说明:
“It is hoped that these findings will help both students and educational institutions to carefully consider the pros and cons that part-time employment has.This information could then be of use to students who are about to start a course of study at any university in the UK.”
第六层级
简要说明整篇文章毕业论文的框架剪力墙
文中最先干什么,次之干什么,最终干什么,那样老师在没有读main body的情况下就了解你的毕业论文是怎样构架的
举例说明:
“This research project will first provide a review of some existing literature and analysis of the topic of part-time work for students.It will then describe the methods used in my own primary research.After this,it will analyse and evaluate the findings of this research before drawing any important conclusions and recommendations.”
总得来说,introduction便是为了更好地提示老师你已经干什么及其为何要那么做,那么做的实际意义是啥。期待学生们可以根据本文把握毕业论文中的前言一部分的逻辑结构
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